ELISA kit special coating method - Database & Sql Blog Articles

After the antigen is immobilized through an antigen-antibody reaction, it becomes bound indirectly to the solid phase. This positioning allows the antigenic determinants to be fully exposed, which enhances the binding efficiency during subsequent steps. By using affinity chromatography with a solid-phase antibody, the purity of the coated antigen significantly improves. This method makes it possible to capture antigens with high impurity content, leading to better specificity, sensitivity, and reproducibility. Additionally, the indirect coating method requires only a small amount of antigen—often just 1/10 or even 1/100 of what is needed for direct coating. It also enables the use of non-protein antigens that are difficult to adsorb on polystyrene surfaces, such as DNA in the detection of anti-DNA antibodies. Method 2: Indirect detection of unknown antibodies. First, dilute the known antigen to a concentration of 1–10 μg/ml using a coating buffer. Add 0.1 ml per well and incubate overnight at 4°C. The next day, wash the plate three times. Then, add 0.1 ml of the sample (unknown antibody) to each well and incubate at 37°C for one hour. Wash again, and include blank, negative, and positive control wells. Next, add 0.1 ml of freshly diluted enzyme-labeled secondary antibody (anti-antibody) to each well, and incubate at 37°C for 30–60 minutes. After washing, perform a final rinse with distilled water. The remaining steps follow the same procedure as the "double antibody sandwich method," including steps 4, 5, and 6. Coating refers to the process of fixing an antigen or antibody onto a solid support. This is typically achieved through physical adsorption, where proteins bind to the hydrophobic surface of materials like polystyrene. This interaction depends on factors such as the protein’s molecular weight, isoelectric point, and concentration. Different proteins have varying affinities for the solid support. Larger molecules with more hydrophobic regions tend to adsorb more effectively. For example, IgG binds strongly to polystyrene, usually attaching via its Fc region, leaving the antigen-binding site accessible. Therefore, antibody coating is commonly done by direct adsorption.

Aluminum Solar Cable

Aluminum core Solar Cable is a photovoltaic circuit using aluminum as a conductive material. It is widely used in solar power generation systems to transport the electricity generated by solar panels.

Compared with traditional copper solar cable, aluminum solar cable has some obvious advantages, the most important of which is low cost.

1. Low price: Aluminum is a common metal, and its price is cheaper than that of copper. Therefore, the use of aluminum solar cable can reduce the cost of the system and make the entire photovoltaic power generation project more economical.

2. Lightweight: Aluminum has a lower density and is lighter than copper. The aluminum core optical cable can reduce the weight of the cable and facilitate installation and maintenance.

3. Strong corrosion resistance: Aluminum has good corrosion resistance and can maintain a long service life under harsh environmental conditions. This makes the aluminum solar cable more reliable for outdoor use.

4. Excellent conductivity: although the conductivity of copper is higher than that of aluminum, the aluminum solar cable can make up for the shortcomings of the low conductivity of aluminum to a certain extent by optimizing the design and process and ensure the efficiency and stability of power transmission.

It should be noted that there are also some limitations and precautions for aluminum solar cable. Due to the low conductivity of aluminum, the resistance of the aluminum solar cable will be relatively high, so it is necessary to choose the wire diameter and length reasonably when designing and installing to ensure the efficiency of power transmission. In addition, aluminum is prone to electrochemical reactions when it comes into contact with copper, so corresponding measures need to be taken when connecting aluminum solar cable and other components, such as using special connectors or coating protective layers.

In general, aluminum solar cable with its low cost, corrosion resistance, light and other advantages, has been widely used in solar power generation systems, and brings economic and reliability benefits to photovoltaic power generation projects.

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