Transformer oil plays a crucial role in enhancing insulation, dissipating heat, protecting against corrosion, and extinguishing electrical arcs within transformers. Due to the high standards required for transformer oil, it is typically difficult to determine its quality without conducting tests such as dielectric strength testing and simplified analysis. However, through long-term practical experience, it has become clear that the quality of transformer oil can be initially assessed by two simple methods: smell and visual inspection.
First, by smell. The quality of good transformer oil should be odorless or have a slight kerosene-like scent. If there is an unusual or strong odor, it may indicate that the oil has degraded. For instance, if the oil has a distinct acetylene-like smell, it could mean that an electrical arc has occurred inside the transformer. Similarly, if the oil smells sour or burnt, it suggests that the oil has aged significantly and may no longer provide adequate protection.
Second, by visual inspection. First, check the color of the oil. New transformer oil is generally light yellow in color and may darken slightly due to oxidation. However, if the oil becomes very dark quickly during operation, it indicates that the oil quality has deteriorated. Second, examine the transparency of the oil. Fresh transformer oil is usually transparent with a blue-violet fluorescence when viewed in a glass container. If the fluorescence disappears or the oil becomes cloudy, it may contain free carbon or mechanical impurities, which can negatively affect the performance and lifespan of the transformer.
In addition to these basic checks, regular testing and maintenance are essential to ensure the continued safe and efficient operation of transformers. Proper handling and storage of transformer oil also play a key role in maintaining its quality over time.
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